Method for creating a peer-to-peer immediate messaging solution without using an instant messenging server

ABSTRACT

A messaging method in a system including a wireless network, a routing server, and a plurality of mobile stations. A first mobile station has first communications applications and a first PIN and a second mobile station has second communications applications and a second PIN. The method includes sending an invitation including the first PIN from the first mobile station to the second mobile station using one of the first communications applications, and sending an acceptance including the second PIN from the second mobile station to the first mobile station using one of the second communications applications. The method further includes creating first messages including the second PIN and sending them to the second mobile station through the wireless network, and creating second messages including the first PIN and sending them to the first mobile station through the wireless network. The routing server routes the messages based on the PINS.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.11/768,047 entitled “A Method for Creating a Peer-to-Peer ImmediateMessaging Solution Without Using an Instant Messaging Server, which wasfiled on Jun. 25, 2007 and is now U.S. Pat. No. 7,911,987, whichapplication is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/942,167entitled “A Method for Creating a Peer-to-Peer Immediate MessagingSolution Without Using an Instant Messaging Server,” which was filed onSep. 16, 2004 and is now U.S. Pat. No. 7,236,472, which applicationclaimed the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/503,367entitled “Quick Messaging Using Peer-to-Peer Routing,” which was filedon Sep. 16, 2003, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/503,366entitled “Activity Proxying Presence in Mobile Instant Messaging,” whichwas filed on Sep. 16, 2003.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The invention relates generally to a messaging solution for mobilestations such as cell phones, smart phones, personal data assistants(PDAs), pagers, handheld computers, phone-enabled laptop computers, andother mobile electronic devices, and more particularly, to apeer-to-peer immediate messaging solution for mobile stations that doesnot utilize an instant messaging server or the like that tracks stateinformation, such as presence and “buddy list” information, for eachmobile station.

2. Description of the Related Art

Instant messaging (IM) is a service that alerts users when anotherindividual, such as a friend or colleague, is online and allows them tosend messages to each other in real time, without the store-and-forwarddelays inherent in an electronic mail solution. With instant messaging,each user creates a list of other users with whom he or she wishes tocommunicate (commonly referred to as “buddy lists”). An instantmessaging server keeps track of the online status of each of itssubscribed users (often referred to as presence information), and whensomeone from a user's buddy list is online, the service alerts that userand enables immediate contact with the other user.

IM solutions are multiplying quickly and are showing up not only inland-line environments but also in wireless environments used by mobilestations such as cell phones, smart phones, personal data assistants(PDAs), pagers, phone-enabled laptop computers, and other mobileelectronic devices. Wireless environments offer the potential for strongIM solutions, based on the time a user carries their mobile station withthem. The number of available mobile stations that can run IM solutionsis in the hundreds of millions.

It is well known in the art to port IM clients to a mobile station inorder to gain access to one of the many IM services available. Theseservices include AOL's Instant Messenger (AIM), ICQ, Yahoo! andMicrosoft's MSN Messenger products. These products are known to havetens of millions of users supported by each IM server, and thesecommunities are sometimes inter-connected to produce even largercommunities. However, land-line and desktop-based IM solutions fallshort of what a user that is often mobile wants and needs, namely goodIM functionality wherever they may be with their mobile station.Additionally, the small screens and memories of mobile stations oftenresult in a frustrating experience for people on the road trying to useIM. These people are forced to accept the poor performance andexperience of existing IM solutions because they want or need to reachland-line users operating legacy desktop IM solutions and have no otheralternatives to select from. There is thus a need for a better and morecomplete messaging solution (that enables immediate messaging like IM)that is designed for wireless mobile electronic devices that can takeadvantage of the “always on” nature of a mobile station.

Another major problem with existing IM applications in a wirelessenvironment is that existing IM applications require the frequentexchange of messages between the client and server to indicate when auser is available. These frequent messages, which increase networktraffic, are problematic for wireless networks because the bandwidth ofa wireless network is very limited and the cost of data exchange is veryhigh. This problem is further compounded by the reduction of mobilestation battery life by transmitting lots and lots of small messagesaround to keep track of presence information, buddy lists and buddystatus. These small messages are compounded by the fact that “presenceupdate” information is being exchanged between correspondentsconstantly.

Yet another major problem with existing IM applications is the lack ofsecurity in the systems for corporate users. Although it is true thatthe exchange between users could be encrypted, this does not solve theproblem of my instant messaging identity being passed around betweenusers. Also, the problem of authenticating who is inviting me to IM withthem has not been solved.

Another common wireless messaging standard is short message service(SMS), used throughout North America and especially in European Chinaand India. This service also has many flaws. First, the addressing ofeach SMS user must be performed through their MS-ISDN, or telephonenumber. This phone number is extremely easy to pass around and it isimpossible to verify the authenticity of the sender. Second, there is noimplied presence, or any actual delivery information, so the exchange ofinformation has a lot of risk associated with it. SMS also has noconcept of a conversation that lasts forever, and in fact there are noSMS devices that keep long-term status information regarding an SMSconversation with another party.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A system and method provide for immediate peer-to-peer messaging betweenmobile stations that overcomes many of the problems associated withknown prior art IM solutions. Because the system and method do notrequire a server that tracks state information such as presence andbuddy list information, the volume of data exchange is reduced. Inaddition, the system and method provide increased security because theunderlying address identity of each user of a mobile station in thesystem is kept secret and because invitations to engage in peer-to-peermessaging cannot be passed around to other users. Furthermore,availability information is exchanged between users and enhances theuser experience by providing information as to whether another user islikely to respond to a particular message.

These and other aspects of the invention are provided by a systemincluding a wireless network, a routing server coupled to the wirelessnetwork, and a plurality of mobile stations, and a method of exchangingmessages between a first mobile station and a second mobile station insuch a system. The first mobile station is provided with one or morefirst communications applications and a first personal identificationnumber and the second mobile station is provided with one or more secondcommunications applications and a second personal identification number.The first and second communications applications may include one or moreexisting communications applications, such as a wireless telephoneapplication, an email application, a short message service (SMS)application, a multimedia messaging service (MMS) application, and anenhanced message service (EMS) application. The first and second mobilestations are also provided with a peer-to-peer messaging applicationthat implements the invention.

The method includes sending an invitation message that includes thefirst personal identification number from the first mobile station tothe second mobile station using one of the first communicationsapplications, and sending an acceptance message that includes the secondpersonal identification number from the second mobile station to thefirst mobile station using one of the second communicationsapplications. After these steps, the method further includes creatingone or more first messages that each includes the second personalidentification number and sending the first messages to the secondmobile station through the wireless network using the routing server.The routing server routes the first messages based on the secondpersonal identification number. The method also includes creating one ormore second messages that each includes the first personalidentification number and sending the second messages to the firstmobile station through the wireless network using the routing server.The routing server routes the second messages based on the firstpersonal identification number. The routing server does not track anystate information for any of the mobile stations, such a presenceinformation or buddy list information.

The method may further include sending a second invitation messageincluding the first personal identification number from the first mobilestation to the second mobile station using another one the firstcommunications applications. In this case, the second mobile station maybe permitted to accept the invitation message only if both invitationmessages are received by the second mobile station.

In one particular embodiment, a phone call may be placed from the firstmobile station to the second mobile station over a voice circuit. Inthis case, the invitation message comprises a plurality of first DTMFtones sent from the first mobile station to the second mobile stationover the voice circuit, and the acceptance message comprises a pluralityof second DTMF tones sent from the second mobile station to the firstmobile station over the voice circuit.

The first mobile station may, according to an aspect of the invention,periodically send a first availability information message to the secondmobile station through the routing server and the second mobile stationmay periodically send a second availability information message to thefirst mobile station through the routing server. The availabilityinformation messages may be derived from a current operational state ofthe mobile station in question, and may relate to a specific state of oran event occurring on the mobile station in question. In addition, eachmobile station may periodically send such availability informationmessages to all of the mobile stations in its contact database.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A full understanding of the invention can be gained from the followingDescription of the Preferred Embodiment when read in conjunction withthe accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system enabling immediate peer-to-peermessaging between mobile stations according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a view of a portion of a display of a mobile station showingan exemplary contact database screen which is part of a peer-to-peermessaging application according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a view of a portion of a display of a mobile station showingan exemplary status screen forming a part of a peer-to-peer messagingapplication according to the invention.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the specification.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system 5 for enabling immediatepeer-to-peer messaging according to the invention. System 5 includes aplurality of mobiles stations 10, such as mobile stations 10A and 10Bshown in FIG. 1, which may be any type of wireless mobile electroniccommunications device such as a cell phone, a smart phone, a personaldata assistant (PDA), a pager, a handheld computer or a phone-enabledlaptop computer, to name a few. As is known, each mobile station 10 maybe provided with various applications, including, without limitation,one or more currently existing applications that enable communicationwith other mobile stations 10, such as a wireless telephone application,an email application, a short message service (SMS) application, amultimedia messaging service (MMS) application, an enhanced messageservice (EMS) application, and other Internet enable messagingapplications (each of which may be referred to herein as an “existingcommunications application”). In addition, each mobile station 10 isprovided with an application that implements the peer-to-peer messagingsolution of the invention as described herein (referred to herein as the“peer-to-peer messaging application”). The term “application” as usedherein shall include one or more programs, routines, subroutines,function calls or other type of software or firmware and the like, aloneor in combination. System 5 also includes wireless network 15, which maybe any wireless communications network or combination of interconnectednetworks, including, without limitation, Mobiltex™ DataTAC™, AMPS, TDMA,CDMA, GSM/GPRS, PCS, EDGE, UMTS or CDPD. As is known, wireless network15 includes a plurality base stations that perform radio frequency (RF)protocols to support data and voice exchanges with mobile stations 10Aand 10B. Routing server 20 is coupled to wireless network 15. Routingserver 20 may be any type of routing equipment capable of quicklyrouting data packets, including, without limitation, a TCP/IP routersuch as those sold by Cisco Systems, Inc. of San Jose, Calif., or anetwork address translation server (NAT).

Each mobile station 10 of system 5 is assigned and stores a uniquepersonal identification number (PIN). The PIN for each mobile station 10may be assigned and stored therein when it is manufactured or throughits subscriber identity module (SIM). Each PIN is mapped to a networkaddress for the corresponding mobile station 10 on wireless network 15that enables data to be routed to the mobile station 10. Routing server20 includes one or more routing tables for routing messages sent bymobile stations 10 based on this mapping. In one exemplary embodiment,the PIN may actually be the network address itself, and in anotherexemplary embodiment, the PIN may be the phone number of the mobilestation 10 or a unique ID such as the mobile subscriber ISDN (MSISDN)for the mobile station 10, and the network address may be an IP addressor the like.

For convenience in describing the establishment and maintenance of apeer-to-peer messaging session between two mobile stations 10 accordingto the invention, reference will be made to mobile station 10A and 10Bshown in FIG. 1. It will be appreciated, however, that the samedescription will apply to a peer-to-peer messaging session between anytwo mobile stations 10. When a user of mobile station 10A wants toestablish a peer-to-peer messaging session according to the inventionwith another mobile station 10, such as mobile station 10B, mobilestation 10A creates and sends an invitation to mobile station 10B usingone or more of the existing communications applications common to bothmobile station 10A and mobile station 10B. Preferably, this isfacilitated and accomplished through the peer-to-peer messagingapplication using appropriate menus and/or dialog boxes displayed to theuser on a display of mobile station 10A. The invitation in each caseconsists of a message appropriate for the particular existingcommunications application, such as an email, SMS, EMS, or MMS messageor a wireless telephone call, that includes: (1) some form of a requestas to whether the user of mobile station 10B wants to accept theinvitation and establish a peer-to-peer messaging session with mobilestation 10A using mobile station 10B, (2) a file or portion thereof thatincludes the PIN of mobile station 10A, and (3) an indicator(s) thatindicates that the message is for a peer-to-peer messaging session usingthe peer-to-peer messaging application. As described in greater detailhereinafter, item (3) is a data element that identifies the invitationmessage as being a special type of message and causes the peer-to-peermessaging application of mobile 10 to be activated upon receipt thereof.If the user of mobile station 10B desires to establish a peer-to-peermessaging session with mobile station 10A, the user of mobile station10B will respond to the invitation with an acceptance message using theappropriate existing communications application that includes: (1) someform of confirmation to the user of mobile station 10A that the user ofmobile station 10B desires to establish a session, (2) a file or portionthereof that includes the PIN of mobile station 10B, and (3) anindicator(s) that indicates that the message is for a peer-to-peermessaging session using the peer-to-peer messaging application. Again,this is preferably facilitated and accomplished through the peer-to-peermessaging application using appropriate menus and/or dialog boxesdisplayed to the user on a display of mobile station 10B. Preferably,whenever a PIN is sent from one mobile station to another, it istransmitted in a coded (such as with a hash function) and/or encryptedformat, and each of the mobile stations 10 of system 5 is provided withinformation that is necessary to decode and/or decrypt such PINs whenreceived.

As will be appreciated, once the above steps are complete, mobilestation 10A will have the PIN for mobile station 10B, and mobile station10B will have the PIN for mobile station 10A. Now, if either mobilestation 10A or 10B desires to send a peer-to-peer message to the other,it prepares a peer-to-peer message using the peer-to-peer messagingapplication that includes the PIN of the recipient mobile station 10(10A or 10B, as the case may be), preferably in the message header,along with the message information that is to be sent. The peer-to-peermessage is then sent by the mobile station 10 through wireless network15 to routing server 20. Routing server 20 obtains the PIN from thepeer-to-peer message and uses it to determine the network address of therecipient mobile station 10 (10A or 10B, as the case may be) using therouting table(s) stored therein, and sends the message to the recipientmobile station 10 (10A or 10B, as the case may be) through wirelessnetwork 15 using the determined network address. Once received, thepeer-to-peer message, and in particular the message informationcontained therein, may be displayed to the user of the recipient mobilestation 10 (10A or 10B, as the case may be).

According to one embodiment of the invention, security may be increasedin peer-to-peer messaging by sending invitations as described above overmultiple communication paths using multiple existing communicationsapplications. As will be appreciated, each communication path confirms adifferent address identity for the sender of the invitation, thushelping to confirm the authenticity of the invitation. For example, theuser of mobile station 10A may wish to establish a peer-to-peermessaging session with the user of mobile station 10B by sending aninvitation as described above using both an email application and an SMSapplication. In this case, when the invitation messages are received bymobile station 10B, the “inbox” or the like of mobile station 10B willshow two messages from mobile station 10A, i.e., the email invitationand the SMS invitation. When the messages arrive, the user of mobilestation 10B could be working in any application of mobile station 10B,such as the calendar application, the address book application, thebrowser application or the phone application, or not currently usingmobile station 10B at all (although it is powered on). The user will benotified of the arrival of the invitation messages in the same manner asany other message received by mobile station 10B (e.g., by beepingand/or vibrating). When the user of mobile station 10B opens either ofthese two messages, the peer-to-peer messaging application will beinvoked to process the message. As will be appreciated by those of skillin the art, the automatic invocation of the peer-to-peer messagingapplication may be accomplished by providing each invitation message,regardless of form, with special indicators to indicate that it is aninvitation for a peer-to-peer messaging session and by programming thepeer-to-peer application to monitor all incoming messages for suchindicators. In addition, each invitation message, when created withinthe peer-to-peer messaging application, will include an indication ofthe number (over different paths) of invitation messages that were sent.In the case where multiple paths are used, as in this example, thepeer-to-peer messaging application will next scan the “inbox” or thelike for the other invitation message(s). For example, if the emailinvitation message is opened first, the peer-to-peer application willscan the “inbox” or the like for the SMS invitation message. Asdescribed above, the invitation messages may be identified by thespecial indicators provided therewith. The peer-to-peer messagingapplication in this embodiment will not provide the user of mobilestation 10B with the ability to accept the invitation until the otherinvitation message(s) is found. Once the other invitation message(s) isfound, the user of mobile station 10 may accept the invitation asdescribed above, reject the invitation, or postpone the decision toaccept or reject.

According to another particular embodiment of the invention, apeer-to-peer messaging conversation may be established using a telephonecall such as a circuit switched cell phone call. In particular, againusing mobile stations 10A and 10B as an example, mobile station 10Afirst initiates a phone call to mobile station 10B through wirelessnetwork 15 using the phone application of mobile station 10A, which callis answered by mobile station 10B using its phone application. Use of aphone call to initiate the session allows for voice authentication ofeach party to be performed, thereby increasing security. While the callis open between mobile station 10A and mobile station 10B, mobilestation 10A, at the request of the user of mobile station 10A (such asthrough an appropriate menu selection and/or dialog box displayed onmobile station 10A), sends a peer-to-peer messaging invitation to mobilestation 10B consisting of a series of Dual Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF)tones through the voice circuit already connected between mobile station10A and mobile station 10B. This invitation will, as described above,include the PIN of mobile station 10A. Upon receipt of the DTMFinvitation message, the peer-to-peer messaging application of mobilestation 10B will notify the user of mobile station 10B of the invitationand provide the user the option of accepting, rejecting, or postponing adecision on the invitation, such as through a dialog box or the likedisplayed to the user. If the user of mobile station 10B accepts, thepeer-to-peer messaging application of mobile station 10B causes anacceptance response message to be sent to mobile station 10A consistingof a series of DTMF tones sent through the voice circuit alreadyconnected between mobile station 10A and mobile station 10B. These DTMFtones will include the PIN of mobile station 10B. At this point, mobilestation 10A and mobile station 10B will have exchanged the informationnecessary to carry on a peer-to-peer messaging session, and the partiesmay begin to exchange such messages in the manner described above. Aswill be appreciated, alternatives to sending and receiving informationover the voice channel include analog modem techniques and non-DTMFtones, and may be substituted for DTMF tones in this embodiment.

According to another aspect of the invention which increases security,the PIN of each mobile station 10 is kept secret. This allows each userof each mobile station 10 to control who has access to the user's“network identity,” i.e., the PIN. Without such a safeguard, a user'snetwork identity may be shared broadly and without their control. Thiscan be accomplished in a number of ways. A simple method is just toencode the PIN as a binary attachment to a message such as an email. Inthis way, the information is made available to the software of a mobilestation 10, but is not readily available to the user. If the attachmentalso contains a binary specification of the intended recipient (e.g.their email address), then the software may only allow the user toaccept the invitation if their email address matches that of theintended recipient. Note that, with this mechanism, the user may be ableto view the PIN if they are able to view the binary attachment data. Thesystem can be made more secure in a number of ways. For example, the PINmay be encrypted using a key known by both the sender and recipient, orobfuscated using an algorithm known by both the sender and recipient.

According to an aspect of the invention, the peer-to-peer messagingapplication of each mobile station 10 includes a contact database thatstores the name and/or other identifying information and correspondingPIN for each user of another mobile station 10 with whom the user of themobile station 10 has communicated or may wish to communicate using thepeer-to-peer messaging application. This contact database is thussimilar to the “buddy lists” that are part of IM applications. User andPIN information may be added to and stored in the contact database eachtime the user establishes a peer-to-peer messaging session with anotheruser, or simply by a user entering the information obtained from anotheruser in a different manner. Entries may also be selectively deleted fromthe contact database by a user. FIG. 2 is a view of a portion of adisplay of a mobile station 10 showing an exemplary contact databasescreen 25 which is part of the peer-to-peer messaging application anddisplays a listing 30 of contacts stored in the contact database. Asseen in FIG. 2, contact database screen 25 also provides statusinformation 35 for each contact listed in listing 30 that relates to thelikely availability of the particular contact to participate in apeer-to-peer messaging session, referred to as “implied availability.”This availability information is discussed in greater detail below.

According to a further aspect of the invention, each mobile station 10(referred to as the “first mobile station 10” for clarity) periodicallytransmits, such as every ten minutes to minimize data traffic,availability information pertaining to it to the mobile stations 10 ofeach of the users listed in the contact database of the first mobilestation 10 (referred to as the “other mobile stations 10” for clarity)through wireless network 15 and routing server 20 using the stored PINof each of those users. In one particular embodiment, if any of theother mobile stations 10 is off or out of coverage range, routing server20 will queue a number of availability information messages intended forsuch other mobile stations 10, and will deliver them once the othermobile stations 10 are turned on or are back in coverage range. Theavailability information, which will change over time, is derived fromthe current operational state of the first mobile station 10. Theavailability information is intended to provide an indication of theuser's activity in the first mobile station 10 in order to give each ofthe users of the other mobile stations 10 in the contact database anestimate of how likely it is that the user of the first mobile station10 will read and reply to a peer-to-peer message sent to the user of thefirst mobile station 10. Thus, because all of the mobile stations 10 insystem 5 (unless disabled as described below) transmit theiravailability information to all of their contacts, it will beappreciated that each mobile station 10 in system 5 will haveavailability information for each of the other users in its contactdatabase. As a result, a user of any mobile station 10 will be able toconsult the availability information of any of the contacts listed incontact database of the mobile station 10 to get an idea as to whether aparticular contact is likely to receive and respond to a peer-to-peermessage, which information may effect the decision as to whether to senda peer-to-peer message at all.

The availability information may consist of a general status indicatorsuch as “available,” indicating, for example, that the mobile station 10is powered on and in range of the wireless network 15 and not activelyutilizing an application that would prevent a peer-to-peer message frombeing received, such as being engaged in a phone call using thetelephone application, or “unavailable,” indicating, for example, thatthe mobile station 10 is powered off or out of range of the wirelessnetwork 15. In addition, the availability information may relate tospecific states of or events occurring on the mobile station 10, such asignoring incoming telephone calls, the user powering the mobile station10 off, the first mobile station 10 being involved in a currenttelephone call, the user of the first mobile station 10 being in ameeting as indicated by an entry in the calendar application provided inthe mobile station 10, or the user of the mobile station 10 is currentlyusing the peer-to-peer messaging application. As will be appreciated,the availability information may be tied to and derived from everyaction of and/or piece of information available within the mobilestation 10, and that the specific examples listed above are meant to beexemplary only and not limiting. In addition, the general statusindicators may comprise a number of levels or degrees of availabilitybased upon information relating to the specific states of and/or eventsoccurring on the mobile station 10. In such a case, availabilityinformation may be reported on a scale indicating the various levels ordegrees of availability, such as “Available-Level 1,” “Available-Level2,” and so on. In addition, if a given user of a mobile station 10 doesnot want their availability to be tracked this closely, they mayselectively prevent their mobile station 10 from transmittingavailability information. A more detailed discussion of the generationand provision of availability information is provided in commonly ownedU.S. application Ser. Nos. 10/942,749 and 10/942,305, entitled “HandheldElectronic Device and Associated Method Providing Availability Data in aMessaging Environment,” the disclosures of which are hereby incorporatedinto the present application by reference.

FIG. 3 is a view of a portion of a display of a mobile station 10showing an exemplary status screen 40 forming a part of the peer-to-peermessaging application according to the invention. Status screen 40 isthe main screen of the peer-to-peer messaging application and providesthe user of the mobile station 10 with overall status informationrelating to the peer-to-peer messaging application. In particular,status screen 40 provides information relating to various groups,including a current conversations group 45, a blocked correspondentsgroup 50 and a pending conversations group 55. The current conversationsgroup 45 lists and provides information relating to all of thepeer-to-peer messaging sessions, also referred to as conversations, inwhich the mobile station 10 is currently engaged. A current conversationmeans either that the mobile station 10 has sent an invitation asdescribed above to another mobile station 10 and has received anacceptance message as described above in return, or that another mobilestation 10 has sent the mobile station 10 an invitation as describedabove and the mobile station 10 has responded with an acceptance messageas described above. The blocked correspondents group 50 provides alisting of users of other mobile stations 10 from whom the user of thismobile station 10 no longer wishes to receive peer-to-peer messages;their messages will be blocked and not displayed to the user.Preferably, “unavailable” availability information is transmitted by themobile station 10 to each of the blocked correspondents. Alternatively,peer-to-peer messages from users of other mobile stations 10 from whomthe user of this mobile station 10 no longer wishes to receivepeer-to-peer messages may be blocked and not displayed to the user byremoving such other users from the contact database; in this case, thepeer-to-peer messaging application will be adapted to block messagesfrom any user not listed in the contact database. The pendingconversations group 55 provides information relating to all of thecurrently pending conversations of the mobile station 10. A pendingconversation means either that the mobile station 10 has sent aninvitation as described above to another mobile station 10 and has notyet received a response, or that another mobile station 10 has sent themobile station 10 an invitation as described above and the mobilestation 10 has not yet responded.

The current conversations group 45, the blocked correspondents group 50and the pending conversations group 55 may be selectively expanded,where additional information is displayed, or collapsed, whereadditional information is not displayed. Each of the currentconversations group 45, the blocked correspondents group 50 and thepending conversations group 55 is shown in FIG. 3 in expanded from. Auser may selectively toggle between the expanded and collapsed states byproviding an input into the mobile station 10 through an inputapparatus, such as a plurality of keys and/or a rotating thumbwheel,included as part of the mobile station 10. In the expanded state, thecurrent conversations group 45 lists for each current conversation: (1)the user associated with the other mobile station 10, (2) availabilityinformation relating to the other mobile station 10, and (3) the dateand/or time of the most recent message sent or received. Since apeer-to-peer messaging session can remain open and active for longperiods of time, e.g., weeks or months, item (3) provides a quickreference as to which conversations are most active and current. In theexpanded state, the pending conversations group 55 lists for eachpending conversation: (1) the user associated with the other mobilestation 10, and (2) availability information relating to the othermobile station 10. As seen in FIG. 3, an icon 60 indicative of theavailability information is preferably provided next to each entry inthe current conversations group 45 and the pending conversations group55 for ease of reference for the user.

Thus, the above provides a system and method for immediate peer-to-peermessaging between mobile stations that overcomes many of the problemsassociated with known prior art IM solutions. Because, unlike an IMserver, routing server 20 does not track state information such aspresence and buddy list information, the volume of data exchange isreduced. In addition, security is increased because the underlyingaddress identity of each user is kept secret and because messaginginvitations cannot be passed around to other users. Furthermore,availability information exchanged between users enhances the userexperience by providing information as to whether another user is likelyto respond to a particular message.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described indetail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that variousmodifications and alternatives to those details could be developed inlight of the overall teachings of the disclosure. Accordingly, theparticular arrangements disclosed are meant to be illustrative only andnot limiting as to the scope of the invention which is to be given thefull breadth of the claims appended and any and all equivalents thereof.

1. A method of enabling messages to be exchanged between a first smartphone and a second smart phone operating in a wireless network using acommunications application, the first smart phone having a firstPersonal Identification Number (PIN) and the second smart phone having asecond PIN, the method comprising: the first smart phone sending a ShortMessaging System (SMS) invitation message to the second smart phone overa network connection, the SMS invitation message including the firstPIN; the first smart phone receiving an acceptance message delivered bya routing server, the acceptance message including the second PIN; thefirst smart phone creating at least one first message using thecommunications application, the at least one first message including thesecond PIN; and the first smart phone sending the at least one firstmessage to the second smart phone through the wireless network using therouting server, the routing server routing the at least one firstmessage based on the second PIN.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the atleast one first message includes the second PIN in a message headerthereof.
 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the routing server routes theat least one first message based on the second PIN using the second PINto determine a network address of the second smart phone.
 4. The methodof claim 3 wherein the network address of the second smart phone is anInternet Protocol (IP) address.
 5. The method of claim 3 wherein usingthe second PIN to determine the network address of the second smartphone comprises using at least one routing table stored in the routingserver.
 6. The method of claim 3 wherein routing the at least one firstmessage comprises sending the at least one message to the second smartphone through the wireless network using the determined network address.7. The method of claim 1 further comprising the first smart phonestoring information identifying the second smart phone in a contactdatabase, the information including the second PIN.
 8. The method ofclaim 1 further comprising the first smart phone sending availabilityinformation to the second smart phone through the wireless network andthe routing server using the second PIN, the availability informationpertaining to the first smart phone.
 9. The method of claim 1, whereinthe first PIN comprises a first phone number, and the second PINcomprises a second phone number.
 10. A non-transitory computer readablemedium having stored thereon computer executable instructions forenabling messages to be exchanged between a first smart phone and asecond smart phone operating in a wireless network using acommunications application, the first smart phone having a firstPersonal Identification Number (PIN) and the second smart phone having asecond PIN, the computer readable medium comprising instructions for:sending a Short Messaging System (SMS) invitation message to the secondsmart phone over a network connection, the SMS invitation messageincluding the first PIN; receiving an acceptance message delivered by arouting server, the acceptance message including the second PIN;creating at least one first message using the communicationsapplication, the at least one first message including the second PIN;and sending the at least one first message to the second smart phonethrough the wireless network using the routing server, the routingserver routing the at least one first message based on the second PIN.11. The computer readable medium of claim 10 wherein the at least onefirst message includes the second PIN in a message header thereof. 12.The computer readable medium of claim 10 wherein the routing serverroutes the at least one first message based on the second PIN using thesecond PIN to determine a network address of the second smart phone. 13.The computer readable medium of claim 12 wherein the network address ofthe second smart phone is an Internet Protocol (IP) address.
 14. Thecomputer readable medium of claim 12 wherein using the second PIN todetermine the network address of the second smart phone comprises usingat least one routing table stored in the routing server.
 15. Thecomputer readable medium of claim 12 wherein routing the at least onefirst message comprises sending the at least one message to the secondsmart phone through the wireless network using the determined networkaddress.
 16. The computer readable medium of claim 10 further comprisinginstructions for storing information identifying the second smart phonein a contact database, the information including the second PIN.
 17. Thecomputer readable medium of claim 10 further comprising instructions forsending availability information to the second smart phone through thewireless network and the routing server using the second PIN, theavailability information pertaining to the first smart phone.
 18. Thecomputer readable medium of claim 10, wherein the first PIN comprises afirst phone number, and the second PIN comprises a second phone number.19. A first smart phone operable to enable messages to be exchangedbetween a first smart phone and a second smart phone operating in awireless network using a communications application, the first smartphone having a first Personal Identification Number (PIN) and the secondsmart phone having a second PIN, the first smart phone comprising aprocessor operable to: send a Short Messaging System (SMS) invitationmessage to the second smart phone over a network connection, the SMSinvitation message including the first PIN; receive an acceptancemessage delivered by a routing server, the acceptance message includingthe second PIN; create at least one first message using thecommunications application, the at least one first message including thesecond PIN; and send the at least one first message to the second smartphone through the wireless network using the routing server, the routingserver routing the at least one first message based on the second PIN.20. The first smart phone of claim 19 wherein the at least one firstmessage includes the second PIN in a message header thereof.
 21. Thefirst smart phone of claim 19 wherein the routing server routes the atleast one first message based on the second PIN using the second PIN todetermine a network address of the second smart phone.
 22. The firstsmart phone of claim 21 wherein the network address of the second smartphone is an Internet Protocol (IP) address.
 23. The first smart phone ofclaim 21 wherein using the second PIN to determine the network addressof the second smart phone comprises using at least one routing tablestored in the routing server.
 24. The first smart phone of claim 21wherein routing the at least one first message comprises sending the atleast one message to the second smart phone through the wireless networkusing the determined network address.
 25. The first smart phone of claim19 further operable to store information identifying the second smartphone in a contact database, the information including the second PIN.26. The first smart phone of claim 19 further operable to sendavailability information to the second smart phone through the wirelessnetwork and the routing server using the second PIN, the availabilityinformation pertaining to the first smart phone.
 27. The first smartphone of claim 19, wherein the first PIN comprises a first phone number,and the second PIN comprises a second phone number.